Research was conducted on the influence of intercropped system which includes walnut and maize on maize agronomic traits and yield. The 11 year old orchard is located in Đakovo, and it includes two production systems: orchard intercropped with maize and a maize control field that is nearby. During the vegetation the agrochemical composition of soil was determined, and it included soil's pH, organic matter content, and the level of phosphorus and potassium. Control field pH has been noticeably more acidic, while the organic matter content as well as the potassium level were higher in the intercropped sytem. Besides that, microclimatic parameters such as temperature, moist, insolation and tree volume were monitored, and while no significant difference was determined for the temperature, minimum air humidity was significantly higher in intercropped systems. Also, oscillations between minimum and maximum air humidity were lower in intercropped systems. The results showed significant difference in agronomic traits of maize, plants were taller in intercropped systems, number of corn cobs per hectare was higher, as well as the 1 000 grains mass, plant mass, mass of a leaf below corn piston and the Leaf Area Index (LAI). Number of plants per hecatre was higher in the control field by 20,3 %. As for the maize yield, there was no significant difference between intercropped system (8 t/ha) and the control field (8,4 t/ha). With that being said, we come to the conclusion that the intercropped system farming is profitable, not only economically, but from environmental aspect as well, but usually there is a drop in yield roughly ten years after planting.