| Abstract | U Republici Hrvatskoj postoji duga povijest uzgoja koza. Kozarska proizvodnja temelji se na uzgoju autohtonih i uvoznih pasminama koza mliječnih, mesnih i kombiniranih proizvodnih osobina. Razvoj kozarske proizvodnje i njena ekonomska važnost kroz prošlost je bila dosta promjenjiva. Cilj je ovog rada analizirati proizvodna svojstva i reprodukcijska odlike koza u Hrvatskoj. Uzgojno selekcijskim radom obuhvaćeno je sedam pasmina koza, od toga tri hrvatske autohtone pasmine: hrvatska šarena koza, hrvatska bijela koza i istarska koza te četiri inozemne pasmine: sanska koza, alpska koza, srnasta koza i burska koza. Najveću proizvodnju mlijeka od autohtonih pasmina ima hrvatska bijela pasmina koza koja se kreće od 300 do 350 litara mlijeka u laktaciji, a najmanju ima istarska pasmina od 150 do 200 litara mlijeka. Prosječna plodnost autohtonih pasmina koza kreće se od 125 do 180%. Najveću proizvodnju mlijeka kod inozemnih pasmina imaju sanska i srnasta, a iznosi od 800 do 1000 litara mlijeka. Najmanju proizvodnju mlijeka ima burska koza, a iznosi od 150 do 200 litara mlijeka što je razumljivo jer je ona pasmina mesnih proizvodnih osobina. Od inozemnih pasmina najveću plodnost ima burska koza i iznosi od 200 do 220%, a najmanju srnasta koza 170 do 180%. Najveći indeks jarenja ima sanska koza (1,04), a najveću veličinu legla burska koza (1,55). Najveće porodne mase jaradi utvrđene su u alpske koze (3,71 kg), a u najmanje u hrvatske šarene koze (2,71 kg). Najbolji dnevni prirast utvrđen je u jaradi sanske pasmine, a najlošiji u alpine. Najveću završnu tjelesnu masu postigla je muška jarad sanske pasmine, a najmanju jarad hrvatske šarene koze (29,20 : 23,04 kg). |
| Abstract (english) | Croatia has a long tradition of goat breeding. Goat production is based on the breeding of native and imported breeds of goats, dairy meat and combined production characteristics. Development of goat production and her economic importance through the past was quite variable. The aim of this paper is to analyze production properties and reproductive characteristics of goats in Croatia. With breeding and selection work has covered seven goats breeds, of which three are Croatian indigenous breeds: Croatian Multicolored goat, Croatian White goat and Istrian goat and four imported breed: Saanen goats, Alpine goats, German Improved Fawn and the Boer Goat. Croatian native breed with the highest milk production is the Croatian White goat breed with a range from 300 to 350 liters of milk, and the smallest has Istrian breed with 150 to 200 liters of milk. The average fertility of native breeds of goats ranges from 125 to 180%. The highest milk production of the imported breeds have the Saanen and German Improved Fawn goat, ranging from 800 to 1000 liters of milk. The lowest milk production has Boer goats, ranging between 150 and 200 liters of milk, which is understandable because breed is meat production properties. Of imported breeds the highest fertility has Boer goat and ranges from 200 to 220%, and the lowest has German Improved Fawn goat from 170 to 180%. The highest index has kidding Sana goats (1.04), and the largest litter size Boer Goat (1.55). The highest birth weight of kids were found in alpine goats (3.71 kg), and smallest in the Croatian multicolored goat (2.71 kg). The highest daily gain was found in kids of Saanen breed, and the lowest in the alpine. The greatest final body weight achieved goat kids of Saanen breed, and smallest goat kids of Croatian multicolored breed (29.20: 23.04 kg). |
