| Abstract | Deset kultivara ozimog ječma (Barun, Bingo, Zlatko, Vanessa, Rex, Tiffany, Bravo, Lord, Favorit i Titan) uzgajani su u vegetacijskim loncima u tri ponavljanja na Poljoprivrednom institutu Osijek. Tlo za pokus je uzeto s parcele Instituta (tip tla je humofluvisol černozemni). Analiziran je utjecaj stresa izazvanog sušom na prinos zrna i biomase, žetveni indeks, indeks učinkovitosti iskorištenaj vode i na količinu evapotranspirirane vode. Kontrolna varijanta bila je dobro opskrbljena vodom, a u stresnoj varijanti izostavljanjo je tri puta dodavanja vode (pred kraj busanja, početkom klasanja i u nalijevanju zrna). Ustanovljene su značajne razlike između kultivara za prinos zrna i biomase, žetveni indeks, evapotranspiranu vodu i indeks iskorištenja vode. Stres izazvan sušom je značajno utjecao na prinose zrna i biomase, te na transpiriranu vodu, dok su razlike u žetvenom indeksu i iskorištenju vode bile statistički beznačajne. Kultivari Bravo i Rex izdvajali su se od ostalih kultivara većom , a kultivari Tiffany i Lord manjom količinom evapotranspirirane vode.Kultivari Bravo i Zlatko imali su značajno veće prinose nadzemne biomase i veću iskoristivost vode za prinos nadzemne mase od kultivara Titan i Tiffany. Kultivar Bravo imao je najviše evapotranspirirane vode, najveću produkciju nadzemnih dijelova biomase, ali i najveći indeks učinkovitosti iskorištenja vode za produkciju biomase. Najveći prinos zrna imao je kultivar Zlatko (42 g/lonac), a najmanji prinos kultivar Tiffany (25 g/lonac), a između ovih kultivara postojale su i značajne tazlike u indeksu iskoristivosti vode. Inače, korelacija indeksa iskoristivosti vode s prinosom zrna bila je vrlo visoka i u rasponu od r = 0,88 do r = 0,99. U uvjetima stresa izazavnog sušom, kultivar Zlatko imao je prinos zrna manji za 2 g/lonac, kod kultivara Favorit i Lord prinos bio niži za 5 g/lonac, a kod Vanessa prinos je bio osrednji (33 g/lonac) i praktično jednak na obje varaijante ponude vode.Rezultati dobiveni i loncima su uspoređivani s onima u poljskim uvjetima. Pri tome su dobivene uglavnom visoke korelacije, što ukazuje na činjenicu da se pokusima u vegetacijskim loncima mogu biti pouzdana zamjena za one u polju. |
| Abstract (english) | Ten cultivars of winter barley (Barun, Bingo, Zlatko, Vanessa, Rex, Tiffany, Bravo, Lord, Favorit i Titan) were grown in the vegetative pot experiment on the Agricultural Institute Osijek. The soil was taken from Institute arable land (soil type humofluvisol chernozemic). Impacts of drought stress (before end of tillering, beginning of earing, grain filling) on grain and biomass yields, the harvest index, water use efficiency and quantity of the evapotranspirated water, were tested. The water regime of the control treatment was normal. The considerable differences among the culivars were found in the tested parameters. Under drought stress conditions considerable differences in comparison with the normal water regime were found for grain and biomass yields and evapotranspirated water, while differences for the harvest index and water use efficiency were low and the statistically insignificant. Bravo and Rex stand out from the remaining cultivars by the higher and Tiffany and Lord by the lower quantities of evapotranspirated water. Bravo and Zlatko cultivars had considerably higher yields of biomass and water use efficiency in comparison with Titan i Tiffany. The cultivar Bravo had the highest values of evapotranspirated water, biomass yield and water use efficiency and water use efficiency for biomass production.The differences of grain yields among the cultivars were in range from 25 g/pot (Tiffany) to 42 g/pot (Zlatko), and between these two cultivars considerable differences of water use efficiency were found. In general, the correlations (r) of water use efficiency and grain yields were very high and in the range from 0.88 to 0.99. Under drought stress grain yield of Zlatko cultivars was lower for 2 g/pot compared to normal water regime, the cultivars Favorit and Lord were more susceptible (yield difference 5 g/pot), while Vanessa was relative tolerant (about 33 g/pot for both treatments) to drought stress. The results of the pot experiment were compared by those under field conditions. In general, high correlations of tested parameters were found. Based on these findings, the vegetative pot experiment could be sucesfull used as substitution of the field experiments. |
