This PhD thesis shows the results of the soil analysis and fertilizer recommendations projects that were conducted during 2003 – 2016 year in Soil Institute in Osijek, comprehending 40 809 soils samples from the area of eastern Croatia, and many agricultural crops included in fertilizer recommendations. Soil analysis parameters shown here are soil pH, plant-available phosphorus and potassium contents as well as soil organic matter content (humus), hydrolytic acidity level and calcium carbonate content in the soil. The presented results imply on the enhanced acidity problem of the soils which are in the average low in humus content but moderately or good supplied with P and K. In general, it can be stated that the examined soils are relatively suitable for most of the plant crops in question, since there are very low number of soil samples with extremely unfavorable soil fertility indicators. The most prevalent crops for which soil analysis and fertilizer recommendations were performed are maize, sugar beet and wheat in the category of annual crops, as well as grapevine, plum and apple in the category of multi-annual crops. In addition to critical analysis of agrochemical soil fertility indicators, this research includes a survey of end-users of soil analysis and fertilizer recommendations, in order to determine the effect and socioeconomic aspect of the implemented subsidized soil analysis programs. The survey was attended by 500 holders of agricultural holdings, grouped into two categories according to the orientation to the production of annual or multi-annual crops. The survey results point to the importance of education levels for understanding soil analysis and fertilizer recommendations. Large producers have shown greater interest in regular soil analysis and fertilization, whose application can contribute to better economic results. Also, this research confirmed the interest of small producers for the further application of subsidized soil analysis regarding the production results. Overall, the results of this study suggest the need for further implementation of systematic and subsidized soil analysis for the purposes of fertilization recommendations in eastern Croatia, especially in counties that have been less involved in programs whose results were shown in this study, as well as the need for better information and education of small producers on the benefits of soil analysis in their production areas.