Blueberry (Vaccinium L.) belongs to a fruit species whose intensive cultivation started very late and does not have a large breeding tradition in the Republic of Croatia. Due to the policy of encouraging small farms, i.e. subsidies from European funds, the area under intensive blueberry production is slowly increasing. The interest of young producers is growing because of the insight into the poor situation regarding the purchase price of other fruits, and they want to invest their money in blueberry plantations. The consequence of all the above is the need, increased demand of producers for certified and healthy planting material. In the fruit and nursery production of the Republic of Croatia is a chronically problem of the lack of high quality reproductive planting material (import, gray market, defective material and questionable quality). The modern scientific and research practice of the developed EU countries in the production of specialized and strategic crops is entirely based on the use of modern biotechnological methods. Micropropagation by tissue culture ensures high quality and phytosanitary plant material obtained in a very short time interval and independent of climatic conditions. This graduated work is structured to point out the importance of blueberry production by tissue culture, current knowledge, achievements and models, and the future and perspective of blueberry micropropagation by in vitro technique.