Oil roses are highly prized for their fragrant essential oil, which has been used for centuries in perfumes, cosmetics and aromatherapy products. This thesis shows the current trends in rose cultivation and how plantation cultivation has developed over time, then shows the benefits to growers and local communities and the challenges associated with plantation cultivation and how to overcome them. Several main species of oil roses are known, such as Rosa damascena, Rosa centifolia, Rosa gallica and Rosa moschata. Regardless of which species is more prevalent in plantation cultivation, it is important to follow planting techniques to ensure optimal oil production. In addition, the process of picking and extracting the oil is crucial to maintaining the quality of the final product. Whether the final product will be profitable is influenced by several important factors, such as market demand, competition and effective management practices. Also, today there is a lot of talk about the more environmentally friendly cultivation of roses for the purpose of obtaining essential oil, but in the Republic of Croatia rose cultivation is still negligible - both organic and conventional (plantation). The largest producer of roses for the purpose of obtaining essential oil is certainly Bulgaria, if we are talking about Europe. If we speak globally, Europe has been leading the way in the cultivation of roses and essential oil for a long time, and according to the available analyses, it will remain so.